uClinux Image Compiling User Guide for lumit4510 : how to compile uClinux kernel 说明： 本小节内容是关于如何编译一个可以运行的 uClinux Kernel ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Step 1 : 1. 下载 uClinux-dist-20030522.tar.gz 到当前工作目录下 http://159.226.40.150/lumit/resources/uClinux/uClinux-dist-20030522.tar.gz 2. 解压 uClinux-dist-20030522.tar.gz 文件到 uClinux-dist 目录 tar zxvf uClinux-dist-20030522.tar.gz 此时当前工作目录下增加了一个名为 uClinux-dist 的目录。 3. 下载 patch 文件 uClinux-20030522-lom_arm7-patch.rar 到 uClinux-dist 目录 http://159.226.40.150/lumit/resources/uClinux/uClinux-20030522-lom_arm7-patch.rar 用 winrar 解压 该文件后得到 uClinux-20030522-dailzh.patch 4. 复制 patch 文件到 uClinux-dist 目录下 cp uClinux-20030522-dailzh.patch uClinux-dist 4. 进入 uClinux-dist 目录 cd uClinux-dist 5. 打 patch 补丁 patch -p1 < uClinux-20030522-dailzh.patch 此时得到如下输出： patching file config/.menuconfig.log patching file linux-2.4.x/arch/armnommu/boot/compressed/linux.lds.in patching file linux-2.4.x/arch/armnommu/boot/compressed/Makefile patching file linux-2.4.x/arch/armnommu/config.in patching file linux-2.4.x/arch/armnommu/vmlinux-armv.lds.in patching file linux-2.4.x/include/asm-armnommu/arch-snds100/hardware.h patching file linux-2.4.x/include/asm-armnommu/arch-snds100/memory.h patching file Makefile patching file mklinux patching file user/busybox/docs/busybox.pod patching file user/ntp/config.log Hunk #1 succeeded at 1569 with fuzz 1 (offset -28 lines). patching file user/tinylogin/applet_source_list patching file user/tinylogin/config.h patching file vendors/Samsung/4510B/config.linux-2.4.x patching file vendors/Samsung/4510B/config.vendor-2.4.x patching file vendors/Samsung/4510B/index.html patching file vendors/Samsung/4510B/inittab patching file vendors/Samsung/4510B/logo.jpg patching file vendors/Samsung/4510B/Makefile patching file vendors/Samsung/4510B/rc Step 2 : 6. make menuconfig 配置内核 --- Choose a Vendor/Product combination. (Samsung/4510B) Vendor/Product (linux-2.4.x) Kernel Version (uClibc) Libc Version 7. make dep 建立依赖关系 8. make lib_only 编译库文件 9. make user_only 编译用户应用程序文件 这里似乎会遇到有一个关于 boa 的应用有错， uClinux-dist/user/boa/src/auth.c:194: undefined reference to `crypt_old' 可以重新 make menuconfig 后暂时不选择 boa 应用，就可以编译通过 Network Applications ---> [ ] boa 还有一个 /login/login.c :162: undefined reference to `crypt_old' 的错误， 也可以将 login 应用暂时去掉就可以编译通过 Core Applications ---> [ ] login 暂时不选择 boa 应用的具体操作方法如下： make menuconfig 的时候： Target Platform Selection ---> 选中 [*] Customize Vendor/User Settings 然后 Exit Do you wish to save your new kernel configuration? 选择 Yes 退出 进入 Main Menu 后 ， 选择 Network Applications ---> 清除 [ ] boa 选项，就可以不再编译 boa 这个应用程序。 同理： login 应用程序是通过 Core Applications ---> 清除 [ ] login 选项即可。 10. make romfs 生成romfs文件系统 11. make image 编译内核 arm-elf-ld -r -o /home/liming/testuc/uClinux-dist/linux-2.4.x/romfs.o \ -b binary /home/liming/testuc/uClinux-dist/images/romfs.img arm-elf-objcopy -O binary -R .note -R .comment \ -S /home/liming/testuc/uClinux-dist/linux-2.4.x/linux /home/liming/testuc/uClinux-dist/images/image.ram cp /home/liming/testuc/uClinux-dist/linux-2.4.x/arch/armnommu/boot/zImage \ /home/liming/testuc/uClinux-dist/images/image.rom make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/liming/testuc/uClinux-dist/vendors/Samsung/4510B' 可以看到成功编译后的最后几行输出，表示了 romfs.img, image.ram, image.rom 这几个文件和 linux 内核之间的关系。 Step 3 : 12. 查看 images 目录下的相关文件，可以看到： [liming@hpclab uClinux-dist]$ ls images/* -l -rwxrwxr-x 1 liming liming 801516 Aug 25 21:16 images/image.ram -rwxrwxr-x 1 liming liming 372600 Aug 25 21:16 images/image.rom -rw-rw-r-- 1 liming liming 814080 Aug 25 21:16 images/romfs.img 其中 image.ram 就是我们需要的，可以下载到 ram 中的 uclinux kernel (内含 romfs) 13. 按照 uclinux 启动说明，下载执行 image.ram 文件 http://www.lumit.org/download/document/lumit-uclinux-readme.txt 14. 可以看到开发板有如下输出显示： /*************************************************************/ Bios for download and program. Author Jerry Build date : Jun 16 2004 Time : 17:11:45 Type help for help. /*************************************************************/ \> \>load No begin address for download, use default address 0x8000 Mini TFTP Server 1.0 (IP : 192.168.168.101 PORT: 69) Load image file from host Type tftp -i 192.168.168.101 put filename at the host PC Press ESC key to exit Starting the TFTP download... ............................................... Received 185aec Bytes, END... Boot Image? (y/n) yLinux version 2.4.20-uc0 (liming@hpclab.cs.tsinghua.edu.cn) (gcc version 2.95.3 20010315 (release)(ColdFire patches - 20010318 from http://fiddes.net/coldfire/)(uClinux XIP and shared lib patches from http://www.snapgear.com/)) #7 Wed Aug 25 10:12:00 HKT 2004 Processor: Samsung S3C4510B revision 6 Architecture: SNDS100 On node 0 totalpages: 4096 zone(0): 0 pages. zone(1): 4096 pages. zone(2): 0 pages. Kernel command line: root=/dev/rom0 Calibrating delay loop... 49.86 BogoMIPS Memory: 16MB = 16MB total Memory: 14476KB available (1484K code, 159K data, 40K init) Dentry cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Inode cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Buffer-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Page-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039 Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd Samsung S3C4510 Serial driver version 0.9 (2001-12-27) with no serial options enabled ttyS00 at 0x3ffd000 (irq = 5) is a S3C4510B ttyS01 at 0x3ffe000 (irq = 7) is a S3C4510B Blkmem copyright 1998,1999 D. Jeff Dionne Blkmem copyright 1998 Kenneth Albanowski Blkmem 1 disk images: 0: BE7E8-1853E7 [VIRTUAL BE7E8-1853E7] (RO) RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 1024K size 1024 blocksize Samsung S3C4510 Ethernet driver version 0.1 (2002-02-20) eth0: 00:40:95:36:35:34 NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0 IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024) VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing init memory: 40K Shell invoked to run file: /etc/rc Command: hostname Samsung Command: /bin/expand /etc/ramfs.img /dev/ram0 Command: /bin/expand /etc/ramfs2048.img /dev/ram1 Command: mount -t proc proc /proc Command: mount -t ext2 /dev/ram0 /var Command: mount -t ext2 /dev/ram1 /ramdisk Command: chmod 777 /ramdisk Command: mkdir /var/config Command: mkdir /var/tmp Command: mkdir /var/log Command: mkdir /var/run Command: mkdir /var/lock Command: ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 Command: route add -net 127.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 lo Command: ifconfig eth0 192.168.168.101 netmask 255.255.255.0 up Command: cat /etc/motd Welcome to ____ _ _ / __| ||_| _ _| | | | _ ____ _ _ _ _ | | | | | | || | _ \| | | |\ \/ / | |_| | |__| || | | | | |_| |/ \ | ___\____|_||_|_| |_|\____|\_/\_/ | | |_| For further information check: http://www.uclinux.org/ Execution Finished, Exiting Sash command shell (version 1.1.1) /> ls bin dev etc home lib mnt proc ramdisk sbin tmp usr var /> cd bin /bin> ls arp basename busybox date dmesg du expand ftp hostname ifconfig inetd init mount ping route sh telnet telnetd tftp tftpd umount uptime /bin> ┌-------------------------------------------------------------------------┐ │ │ │ Welcome to visit http://www.lumit.org for more information │ │ │ │ [lumit] - let us make it together │ │ │ │ │ │ lumit-admin │ │ │ └-------------------------------------------------------------------------┘